C. Ullrich, Description of an Instructional Ontology and its Application in Web Services for Education, Proceedings of Workshop on Applications of Semantic Web Technologies for E-learning, pp.17-23, 2004.

T. Borst, Ontologies for Semantic Annotation of Digital Learning Material, 2006.

N. Meder, Didactical Ontologies URL: http://cweb.uni-bielefeld.de/agbi/cgi-bin- noauth, 2001.

D. Helic, An ontology-based approach to supporting didactics in e-learning systems, Fifth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT'05), pp.174-176, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/ICALT.2005.58

S. Mencke and R. Dumke, A Framework for Agent-Supported E-learning, Proceedings of the International Conference on Interactive Computer Aided Learning (ICL2007), 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00197222

R. Fikes, Multi-Use Ontologies URL: http://www-ksl.stanford, 1998.

T. R. Gruber, A translation approach to portable ontology specifications, Knowledge Acquisition, vol.5, issue.2, pp.199-220, 1993.
DOI : 10.1006/knac.1993.1008

S. Kernchen, D. Rud, F. Zbrog, and R. Dumke, Processing Remote Measurement Databases by the Means of Mobile Agents, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies, 2007.

G. Conole and K. Fill, A learning design toolkit to create pedagogically effective learning activities, Journal of Interactive Media in Education, vol.2005, issue.1, 2005.
DOI : 10.5334/2005-8

R. Koper, Modeling Units of Study from a Pedagogical Perspective the Pedagogical Meta-Model behind EML, 2001.

R. Koper and B. Olivier, Representing the Learning Design of Units of Learning, In: Educational Technology & Society, vol.7, issue.3, pp.97-111, 2004.

M. Rodríguez-artacho, M. F. Verdejo-maíllo, J. Mayorga, and M. Calero, Using a high-level language to describe and create Web-based learning scenarios, FIE'99 Frontiers in Education. 29th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Designing the Future of Science and Engineering Education. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37011, 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/FIE.1999.841711

M. Rodríguez-artacho, V. Maíllo, and M. F. , Modeling Educational Content: The Cognitive Approach of the PALO Language, Educational Technology & Society, vol.7, issue.3, pp.124-137, 2004.

B. Gaede, The Instructional Material Description Language and the production system for interactive learning software ProfiL (in German). 10. Arbeitstreffen der GI-Fachgruppe Intelligente Lehr-/ Lernsysteme, 2000.

J. M. Pawlowski, The Essen Learning Model: A model for the development of computer-supported learning environments, 2001.

J. M. Pawlowski, The Essen Learning Model a Multi-Level Development Model, Staff and Education Development International, 2000.

J. M. Pawlowski, The didactical object model: managing didactical expertise, Fifth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT'05), pp.788-792, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/ICALT.2005.265

B. Archer, The Need for Design Education, Royal College of Art, 1973.

L. Trevena, Problem-Based Learning in Public Health Workforce Training: A Discussion of Educational Principles and Evidence, In N S W Public Health Bulletin, vol.18, issue.12, pp.4-8, 2007.

H. Barrows, A taxonomy of problem-based learning methods, Medical Education, vol.210, issue.6, pp.481-486, 1986.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1986.tb01386.x

H. G. Schmidt, Problem-Based Learning, Medical Education, vol.42, issue.3-4, pp.11-16, 1983.
DOI : 10.1002/9781118410868.wbehibs528

K. Flechsig, Little Handbook of Didactical Models, Neuland, 1996.

H. Mertens, Conception and Development of a Problem-oriented Interaction Component for the Depiction of Economic Case Studies in Hypermedia Teaching/Learning Systems, 2002.

S. Kernchen and R. Dumke, Autonomous Management of User Models for Lifelong Learning, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Interactive Mobile and Computer Aided Learning (IMCL2007), 2007.