T. Apted, J. Kay, A. Lum, and J. Et-uther, Visualisation of Learning Ontologies, Proc. AIED2003, pp.359-361, 2003.

J. Arpirez, A. Gomez-perez, A. Lozano, and S. Et-pinto, (ONTO)2Agent: An ontologybased WWW broker to select ontol ogies, Paper presented at the Workshop on Applications of Ontologies and PSMs, 1998.

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S. Bechhofer, I. Horrocks, C. Goble, and R. Et-stevens, OilEd: A Reason-able Ontology Editor for the Semantic Web, Paper presented at the Proceedings of KI2001, Joint German/Austrian conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2001.
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A. Bernaras, I. Laresgoiti, and J. Et-corera, Building and Reusing Ontologies for Electrical Network Applications, Paper presented at the Proc. of the, pp.12-96, 1996.

M. Blazquez, M. Fernandez, J. M. Garcia-pinar, and A. Et-gomez-perez, Building Ontologies at the Knowledge Level using the Ontology Design Environment, Paper presented at the Proc. of the 11th KAW, 1998.

S. Borgo, N. Guarino, and C. Et-masolo, Stratified Ontologies: the case of physical objects, 1996.

W. N. Borst, Construction of Engineering Ontologies, 1997.

J. Bourdeau and A. Et-bates, Instructional design for distance learning, Instructional Design: International Perspectives: Solving Instructional Design Problems, pp.369-397, 1997.
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J. Bourdeau and R. Et-mizoguchi, Collaborative Ontological Engin eering of Instructional Design Knowledge for an ITS Authoring Environment, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, pp.399-409, 2002.

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C. Desmoulins and M. Et-grandbastien, Ontologies pour la conception de manuels de formation à partir de documents techniques, STE, vol.9, pp.3-4, 2002.

J. Domingue, Tadzebao and WebOnto: Discussing, Browsing, and Editing Ontologies on the Web. Paper presented at the 11th Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, p.98, 1998.

A. Farqhuar, R. Fikes, and J. Et-rice, The Ontolingua Server: Tool for Collaborative Ontology Construction, Paper presented at the Proc. of the 10th Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems Workshop, 1996.

M. Fernandez-lopez, A. Gomez-perez, and N. Et-juristo, Methontology: From Ontological Art Toward Ontological Engineering, Paper presented at the Spring Symposium Series on Ontological Engineering. AAAI97, 1997.

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A. Gomez-perez, Ontological Engineering: A state of the art, Expert Update, vol.2, issue.3, pp.33-43, 1999.

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M. Gruninger and J. Et-lee, Ontology Applications and Design, Communication of the ACM, vol.45, issue.2, pp.39-41, 2002.

N. Guarino, Some organizing principles for a unified top-level ontology, AAAI Spring Symposium on Ontological Engineering, pp.57-63, 1997.

N. Guarino, Understanding, building and using ontologies, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol.46, issue.2-3, pp.293-310, 1997.
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N. Guarino and P. Et-giaretta, Ontologies and Knowledge Bases: Towards a Terminological Clarification, Towards Very Large Knowledge Bases: Knowledge Building and Knowledge Sharing, pp.25-32, 1995.

Y. Hayashi, L. Jin, K. Seta, M. Ikeda, and R. Et-mizoguchi, A Multiple View Authoring Tool for Modeling Training Materials (AI Technical Report 99-05), 1999.

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M. Ikeda, S. K. Kakusho, O. Mizoguchi, and R. , Task Ontology: Ontology for building conceptual problem solving models, 1997.

A. Inaba, How Can We Form Effective Collaborative LearnningGroups:Theoretical justification of "Opportunistic Group Formation" with ontological engineering. Paper presented at the ITS, 2000.

A. Inaba, An Instructional Design Support Environment for CSCL: Fundamental Concepts and Design Patterns. Paper presented at the AIED, 2001.

A. Inaba, T. Supnithi, M. Ikeda, R. Mizoguchi, and J. Et-toyoda, An Overview of " Learning Goal Ontology, Proc. of ECAI2000 Workshop on Analysis and Modelling of CollaborativeLearning Interactions, pp.23-30, 2000.

L. Jin, W. Ch-en, Y. Hayashi, M. Ikeda, R. Mizoguchi et al., An Ontology-Aware Authoring Tool -Functionalstructure and guidance generation, 1999.

S. C. Kabel, B. J. Wielinga, and R. Et-hoog, Ontologies for indexing Technical Manuals for Instruction, 1999.

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A. Maedche, Ontology Learning for the Semantic Web, 2002.

A. Maedche, B. Motik, L. Stojanovic, R. Studer, and R. Volz, Ontologies for enterprise knowledge management, IEEE Intelligent Systems, vol.18, issue.2, pp.26-33, 2003.
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R. Mizoguchi, A Step Towards Ontological Engineering, Paper presented at the 12th National Conference on AI of JSAI, 1998.

R. Mizoguchi and J. Bourdeau, Using Ontological Engineering to Overcome Common AI-ED Problems, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Education, vol.11, pp.107-121, 2000.
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R. Mizoguchi and J. Bourdeau, Theory-aware authoring environment-ontological engineering approach, International Conference on Computers in Education, 2002. Proceedings., 2002.
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R. Mizoguchi and M. Et-ikeda, Towards Ontological Engineering (AI-TR-96-1,), 1996.

R. Mizoguchi, K. Kozaki, T. Sano, and Y. Et-kitamura, Construction and Deployment of a Plant Ontology, The 12th International Conference, pp.2000113-128, 1937.
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M. Moore and G. Et-kearsley, Distance Education : A Systems Vie, 1996.

T. Murray, Special Purpose Ontologies and the Representation of Pedagogical Knowledge, 1996.

T. Murray, Authoring Intelligent Tutoring Systems: An analysis of the state of the art, International J. of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol.10, pp.98-129, 1999.
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T. Murray, S. Blessing, and S. Et-ainsworth, Authoring Tools for Advanced Technology Learning Environments: Toward cost-effective adaptive, interactive, and intelligent educational software, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-017-0819-7

M. A. Musen, S. W. Tu, H. Eriksson, J. H. Gennari, and A. R. Et-puerta, PROTEGE-II: An Environment for Reusable Problem-Solving Methods and Domain Ontologies, Paper presented at the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1993.

R. Neeches, F. R. Finin, T. Gruber, T. R. Senator, T. et al., Enabling technology for knowledge sharing, pp.35-56, 1991.

M. Nilsson, M. Palmer, and A. Et-naeve, Semantic Web Metadata for e-Learning : Some Architectural Guidelines, 2002.

R. Nkambou, Modélisation des connaissances de la matière dans un système tutoriel intelligent : modèles, outils et applications, Unpublished Doctorat, 1996.

R. Nkambou, C. Frasson, and G. Gauthier, A new approach to ITS-curriculum and course authoring: the authoring environment, Computers & Education, vol.31, issue.1, pp.105-130, 1998.
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R. Nkambou, C. Frasson, and G. Gauthier, Cream-Tools: an authoring environment for knowledge engineering in intelligent tutoring systems Authoring Tools for Advanced Technology Learning Environments : Toward cost-effective adaptative, interactive, and intelligent educational software, 2002.

R. Nkambou, R. Gauthier, and C. Et-frasson, CREAM-tools: An authoring environment for curriculum and course building in an ITS, Paper presented at the Proc. of the 3d Int'l Conf. on CAL & Inst'l Sc. & Eng, 1996.

R. Nkambou, C. Frasson, and G. Gauthier, CREAM-Tools : An Authoring Environment for Knowledge Engineering in Intelligent Tutoring Systems Authoring Tools for Advanced Technology Learning Environments: Toward cost-effective adaptive, interactive, and intelligent educational software, 2003.

N. F. Noy, R. W. Fergerson, and M. A. Et-musen, The Knowledge Model of Prot??g??-2000: Combining Interoperability and Flexibility, Paper presented at the 2th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/3-540-39967-4_2

G. Paquette, L'ingénierie pédagogique : pour construire l'apprentissage en réseau, 2002.

G. Paquette, Telelearning Systems Engineering -Towards a New ISD Model, Jl of Structural Learning and Intelligent Systems, pp.319-154, 2001.

G. Paquette, Telelearning Systems Engineering -Towards a New ISD Model, Jl of Structural Learning and Intelligent Systems, vol.14, issue.4, pp.319-154, 2001.

G. Paquette, J. Basque, J. Bourdeau, A. Dufresne, F. Henri et al., Construction d'une base de connaissances et de ressources sur le téléapprentissage, 2002.

G. Paquette, J. Bourdeau, F. Henri, J. Basque, M. Léonard et al., Construction d'une base de connaissances et d'une, 2003.
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G. Paquette and P. Et-tchounikine, Contribution à l'ingénierie des systèmes conseillers : une approche méthodologique fondée sur l'analyse du modèle de la tâche, pp.3-4, 2002.

V. Psyché, État de l'art sur l'ontologie -application au téléapprentissage, 2003.

V. Psyché, R. Mizoguchi, and B. Bourdeau, Ontology Development at the Conceptual Level for Theory-Aware ITS Authoring Systems, Proc. of AIED03, 2003.

S. Ranwez and M. Et-crampes, Instanciation d'ontologies pondérées et calcul de rôles pédagogiques -Principe et mise en oeuvre. STE-9, pp.341-370, 2002.

T. Russ, A. Valente, R. Macgregor, and W. Et-swartout, Experiences in Trading Off Ontology Usability and Reusability. Paper presented at the Twelfth Banff Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-based Systems Workshop, 1999.

J. Sowa, Distinction, combination, and constraints, Proc. IJCAI95 Workshop on Basic Ontological Issues in Knowledge Sharing, 1995.

J. Sowa, Top-level ontological categories, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol.43, issue.5-6, pp.669-685, 1995.
DOI : 10.1006/ijhc.1995.1068

S. Staab, R. Studer, H. P. Schnurr, and Y. Et-sure, Knowledge processes and ontologies, IEEE Intelligent Systems, vol.16, issue.1, 2001.
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R. Studer, R. Benjamins, and D. Et-fensel, Knowledge engineering: Principles and methods, Data & Knowledge Engineering, vol.25, issue.1-2, 1998.
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B. Swartout, R. Patil, K. Knight, and T. Et-russ, Towards Distributed Use of Large-Scale Ontologies, Spring Symposium Series on Ontological Engineering, pp.138-148, 1997.

M. Uschold and M. Et-gruninger, Ontologies: principles, methods and applications, The Knowledge Engineering Review, vol.11, issue.02, 1996.
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M. Uschold and M. Et-gruninger, Ontologies: Principles, Methos and Applications, J. of Knowledge Engineering Review, vol.11, issue.2, 1996.

M. Uschold and M. Et-king, Towards a Methodology for Building Ontologies, 1995.

G. Van-heijst, A. Schreiber, and B. J. Et-wielinga, Using explicit ontologies in KBS development, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol.46, issue.2-3, pp.183-292, 1997.
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J. Vanwelkenhuysen and R. Et-mizoguchi, Maintaining the workplace context in a knowledge level analysis, Paper presented at the Proc. of JKAW'94, 1994.

J. Vanwelkenhuysen and R. Et-mizoguchi, Workplace-Adapted Behaviors: Lessons Learned for Knowledge Reuse, 1995.

B. Wielinga and A. Et-schreiber, Reusable and sharable knowledge bases: A European perspective. Paper presented at the KB & KS'93, 1993.

D. Wiley, The Instructional Use of Learning Objects, 2000.

C. Wolff, Philosophia Prima sive Ontologia, 1729.

V. Psyché-est-doctorante-en-informatique-cognitive-À-l-'uqam-et-agente-de-recherche-au-centre-licef-de-la-télé-université, Elle s'intéresse à l'application de l'ingénierie ontologique aux systèmes tuteurs intelligents, tout particulièrement pour faciliter la tâche de l'auteur lors de la conception de ses cours. Parallèlement, elle participe à plusieurs projets du LICEF notamment : au projet visant à la création d' une ontologie pour la base de connaissances sur le téléapprentissage dans le cadre du projet DIVA

. Montréal, Il est professeur au Département de Communication de la UFPB (Brésil), détient une maîtrise en Informatique de Gestion (UQAM) et s'intéresse aux aspects philosophiques et psychologiques (cognitifs et sociaux/communicationnels, sous-jacents à la conception

J. Bourdeau and . Phd-en-technologie-Éducationnelle, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, s'intéresse aux applications de l'intelligence artificielle en éducation, parmi lesquelles l'ingénierie ontologique. Elle a exploré la représentation des connaissances théoriques dans un système-auteur intelligent, et cherche à relier cette représentation avec des fonctionnalités d'un environnement interactif de formation