B. Barron, LEARNING ECOLOGIES FOR TECHNOLOGICAL FLUENCY: GENDER AND EXPERIENCE DIFFERENCES, Journal of Educational Computing Research, vol.31, issue.1, pp.1-36, 2004.
DOI : 10.2190/1N20-VV12-4RB5-33VA

E. Batista, Debating the merits of palms in class Wired News, Available at, 2001.

P. Black and D. Wiliam, Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment, Phi Delta Kappan, vol.79, issue.1, 1998.
DOI : 10.1177/003172171009200119

Y. Chen, T. Kao, G. Yu, and J. Sheu, A Mobile Butterfly-Watching Learning System for Supporting Independent Learning, 2004.

D. Dive, Available at: http://www.cilt.org/images/DataGotchi.pdf, 2002.

V. Colella, Participatory Simulations: Building Collaborative Understanding Through Immersive Dynamic Modeling, Journal of the Learning Sciences, vol.10, issue.5, pp.471-500, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/ceps.1996.0004

. Washington, DC: Consortium for School Networking. Chapter 25 WILD for learning Page 878

A. Cuthbert, M. Kubinec, D. Tanis, F. Ieong, L. Wei et al., Advanced technology for streamlining the creation of ePortfolio resources and dynamically-indexing digital library assets, CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '05, pp.972-987, 2005.
DOI : 10.1145/1056808.1056812

S. Davis, Observations in classrooms using a network of handheld devices, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, vol.6, issue.1, pp.298-307, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.0266-4909.2003.00031.x

J. P. Gee, What video games have to teach us about learning and literacy, Computers in Entertainment, vol.1, issue.1, 2003.
DOI : 10.1145/950566.950595

S. Goldman, R. Pea, and H. Maldonado, Emerging Social Engineering in the Wireless Classroom, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00190622

W. Griswold, P. Shanahan, S. Brown, R. Boyer, M. Ratto et al., ActiveCampus: experiments in community-oriented ubiquitous computing, Computer, vol.37, issue.10, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/MC.2004.149

M. Heidegger, From on???Time and Being???, Trans. J. Macquarrie, & E, 1927.
DOI : 10.1002/9780470755501.ch11

S. Hegedus and J. Kaput, An introduction to the profound potential of connected algebra activities: issues of representation, engagement and pedagogy, Proceedings of the 28th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, pp.129-136, 2004.

S. Hsi, I-Guides in progress: Two prototype applications for museum educators and visitors, Proceedings of the 2 nd IEEEWMTE2004. J, 2004.

. Kaiser-family-foundation, Children, The Digital Divide, And Federal Policy, Issue Brief. Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2004.

A. Kleiner and L. Lewis, Internet Access in U.S. Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994?, 2002.

C. Lindholm, T. Keinonen, and H. Kiljander, How Nokia changed the face of the mobile phone, 2003.

K. Luchini, C. Quintana, and E. Soloway, Design guidelines for learner-centered handheld tools, Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '04, pp.135-142, 2004.
DOI : 10.1145/985692.985710

B. A. Myers, J. Nichols, J. O. Wobbrock, and R. C. Miller, Taking handheld devices to the next level Revolutionary science and engineering through cyberinfrastructure: Report of the National Science Foundation Blue-Ribbon Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure NetDay's 2004 survey results, IEEE Computer National Science Foundation, vol.36, issue.12, pp.36-43, 2003.

. Netsafe, Text Generation survey Available at: http://www.netsafe.org.nz/isgnews/Text_Generation.aspx, ) NOP World. (2005) mKids Study. United Business Media. Available from, 2005.

H. Ogata and Y. Yano, Context-aware support for computer-supported ubiquitous learning, The 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, 2004. Proceedings., pp.27-34, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/WMTE.2004.1281330

B. Parsad, J. Jones, and R. D. Pea, Internet access in U.S. public schools and classrooms: 1994-2003 DC: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics Practices of distributed intelligence and designs for education Seeing what we build together: Distributed multimedia learning environments for transformative communications, Distributed cognitions: psychological and educational considerations, pp.47-87, 1993.

R. D. Pea and E. Lazowska, A vision for LENS Centers: learning expeditions in network systems for the 21 st century, Planning for two transformations in education and learning technology: Report of a workshop, pp.84-89, 2003.

W. R. Penuel, J. Roschelle, V. Crawford, N. Shechtman, and L. Abrahamson, Workshop report: Advancing research on the transformative potential of interactive pedagogies and classroom networks, Menlo Park: SRI International, 2004.

W. R. Penuel, J. Roschelle, and D. Tatar, THE ROLE OF RESEARCH ON CONTEXTS OF TEACHING PRACTICE IN INFORMING THE DESIGN OF HANDHELD LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES, Journal of Educational Computing Research, vol.30, issue.4, 2003.
DOI : 10.2190/FJ51-5W3V-GGMC-4A92

D. Pownell and G. Bailey, Getting a handle on handhelds, 2001.

-. What_can_you_learn_from_a_cell_phone, President's Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC) Report to the President Resolving the digital divide: Information, access, and opportunity conference report, National Coordination Office for Information Technology Research and Development, 2000.

H. Rheingold, D. Roberts, U. G. Foehr, and V. Rideout, Smart mobs, Soci??t??s, vol.79, issue.1, 2002.
DOI : 10.3917/soc.079.0075

C. Randell, H. Muller, C. O-'malley, D. Stanton, M. Thompson et al., Ambient Wood: Designing new forms of digital augmentation for learning outdoors, Proceedings of the 2004 IDC Building a community, p.pp, 2004.

J. Roschelle and M. Mills, Toward low-cost, ubiquitous, collaborative computing for the math class, Communications of the ACM, vol.42, issue.8, pp.24-25, 1999.

J. Roschelle and R. Pea, A walk on the WILD side, Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning Foundations for a CSCL Community, CSCL '02, pp.145-168, 2002.
DOI : 10.3115/1658616.1658624

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00190615

J. Roschelle, W. R. Penuel, and L. A. Abrahamson, The networked classroom, Educational Leadership, issue.5, pp.61-50, 2004.

R. Royer, February) What a concept! Using concept mapping on handheld computers. Learning and leading with technology, pp.31-43, 2004.

L. Scott, R. Zimmerman, H. Chang, M. Heitzman, J. Krajcik et al., Chemation, Proceeding of the 2004 conference on Interaction design and children building a community, IDC '04, p.884, 2004.
DOI : 10.1145/1017833.1017862

P. Thornton and C. Houser, Using mobile phones in education, The 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, 2004. Proceedings., 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/WMTE.2004.1281326

R. F. Tinker and J. S. Krajcik, Portable technologies: science learning in context, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-010-0638-5

P. Vahey and V. Crawford, Palm Education Pioneers Program, 2002.

. M. Final-evaluation-report, C. Park, and M. Weiser, The computer for the twenty-first century, Scientific American, vol.265, issue.3, pp.94-100, 1991.

U. Wilensky and W. Stroup, Learning through participatory simulations, Proceedings of the 1999 conference on Computer support for collaborative learning, CSCL '99, 1999.
DOI : 10.3115/1150240.1150320

T. Winograd and F. Flores, Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design, Addison-Wesley. 1 WILD is an acronym created at SRI International's Center for Technology in Learning in 2000 by Roy Pea and Jeremy Roschelle when they developed a research program and series of projects on handheld computing for learning, with work together on this topic beginning in, 1987.

A. Computer-'s-power-macintosh, G. Desktop, G. Powerbook, and . Laptop, In terms of Palm's handhelds, a 2003 Tungsten T model is comparable to the Toshiba Libretto (70CT: Pentium MMX 120 Mhz), a 1997 PC laptop and the 1995 Apple Macintosh 7200, a desktop computer.This comparison is approximate because reported clockspeeds are imprecise measurements of a computer's performance due to differences in instruction sets and optimized code. 6 Tablet computers are not discussed here, for whereas they share stylus-driven input with handhelds and add a larger screen, their relative lack of power and cost (often twice as much Chapter, p.886

S. Turnitin, Glatt Plagiarism Services (http://www.plagiarism.com), or the Moss for programming classes?the Measure Of Software Similarity index, 2005.