S. Allen, Looking for learning in visitor talk: A methodological exploration Learning Conversations in Museums, 2002.

E. Aronson, N. Blaney, C. Stephan, J. Sikes, and M. Snapp, The Jigsaw Classroom, 1978.

J. Fritsch, Visitor studies, V&A Museum, London) Personal communication, 2006.

A. S. Gibbons, The interplay of learning objects and design architectures, pp.18-21, 2006.

K. Hensel, Families in a museum: Interactions and conversations at displays, 1987.

G. Leinhardt, K. Crowley, and K. Knutson, Museums, Conversations, and Learning, Revista Colombiana de Psicolog??a, vol.23, issue.1, 2002.
DOI : 10.15446/rcp.v23n1.41000

R. Moreno and R. E. Mayer, A learner-centered approach to multimedia explanations: Deriving instructional design principles from cognitive theory, Interactive Multimedia Electronic Journal of Computer Enhanced Learning, 2000.

R. Moreno and F. Valdez, Cognitive load and learning effects of having students organize pictures and words in multimedia environments: The role of student interactivity and feedback, Educational Technology Research and Development, vol.53, issue.3
DOI : 10.1007/BF02504796

N. Nova, F. Girardin, and P. Dillenbourg, The Underwhelming Effects of Automatic Location-Awareness on Collaboration in a Pervasive Game, International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, p.Carry-le-Rouet, 2006.

N. Nova, F. Girardin, and P. Dillenbourg, 'Location is not enough!': an Empirical Study of Location-Awareness in Mobile Collaboration, IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (WMTE'05), 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/WMTE.2005.2

D. Peterson and M. Levene, Trail Records and Navigational Learning, London Review of Education, vol.1, issue.3, 2003.
DOI : 10.1080/1474846032000146767

M. Sharples, Learning as conversation: Transforming education in the mobile age. Seeing, Understanding, Learning in the Mobile Age, 2005.

J. K. Smith, I. Waszkielewicz, K. Potts, and B. K. Smith, Visitors and the audio program: An investigation into the impact of the audio guide program at the Whitney Museum of American Art, 2004.

K. Stegmann, Examples of CSCL scripts using mobile tools Deliverable of the Kaleidoscope project Mobile Support for Integrated Learning Available at http://www.iwm-kmrc.de/cossicle/resources/D23-03-01-F.pdf TaylorA task-centred approach to evaluating a mobile learning environment for pedagogical soundness, J, 2003.

R. Koper, J. Manderveld, J. Roschelle, P. Schank, J. Brecht et al., Educational modelling language: modelling reusable, interoperable, rich and personalised units of learning Conceptual Tools for Planning for The Wireless Classroom From Response Systems to Distributed Systems for Enhanced Collaborative Learning, Proceeding of the 13th International Conference on Computers in Education, pp.3-29, 2003.

T. C. Liu, H. Y. Wang, J. K. Liang, T. W. Chan, H. W. Ko et al., Wireless and mobile technologies to enhance teaching and learning, Proceeding of the International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE) Presented at the Computer Support for Collaborative Learning (CSCL) conference, pp.371-382, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.0266-4909.2003.00038.x

J. Dalziel, Implementing Learning Design: The Learning Activity Management System (LAMS), Proceeding of the 20th Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE), 2003.

C. Patton and P. Schank, Group Scribbles Innovation Flyer. To be submitted to Popular Science Best of What's New, 2006.

E. Scanlon, A. Jones, and J. Waycott, Mobile technologies: prospects for their use in learning in informal science settings, Journal of Interactive Media in Education (Portable Learning: Experiences with Mobile Devices. Special Issue), p.25, 2005.
DOI : 10.5334/2005-25

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00190316

E. Norris, N. Soloway, M. Balacheff, P. Scardamalia, C. Dillenbourg et al., One-toone technology-enhanced learning: An opportunity for global research collaboration, Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, vol.1, issue.1, pp.3-29, 2006.

C. Liu and L. Kao, Handheld Devices with Large Shared Display Groupware: Tools to Facilitate Group Communication irn One-to-One Collaborative Learning Activities, Proeedings, pp.128-135, 2005.

N. Pinkwart, C. Schäfer, and U. Hoppe, Lightweight Extensions of Collaborative Modeling Systems for Synchronous Use on PDA's, Proceedings of IEEE International Workshop on WMTE, pp.125-129, 2002.

L. Bollen, S. Eimler, and H. U. Hoppe, SMS-based discussions - technology enhanced collaboration for a literature course, The 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, 2004. Proceedings., pp.209-210, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/WMTE.2004.1281393

L. Bollen, S. Eimler, and H. U. Hoppe, The use of mobile computing to support sms dialogues and classroom discussions in a literature course, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 2004. Proceedings., pp.550-554, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/ICALT.2004.1357475

K. Gaßner, Diskussionen als Szenario zur Ko-Konstruktion von Wissen, Dissertation. Faculty of Engineering, 2003.

N. Pinkwart, A Plug-In Architecture for Graph Based Collaborative Modelling Systems, Proceedings of the 11 th International Conference on AIED, pp.535-536, 2003.

N. Pinkwart, Collaborative Modeling in Graph Based Environments, Dissertation. Faculty of Engineering Sciences, 2005.

R. Baggetun, R. Dragsnes, and S. , Pedagogical agents for collaborative telelearning scenarios Designing for Change in Networked Learning Environments, pp.151-155, 2003.

R. M. Bottino and G. Chiappini, Technological Advances and Learning Environments, Handbook of International Research in mathematics Education, pp.757-786, 2002.

M. Cerulli, A. Chioccariello, Y. Fernaeus, E. Lemut, and J. Tholander, Exploring randomness via studying, building and sharing models, Proceedings of the EARLI, 2005.

T. De-jong and J. M. Pieters, (in press) The design of powerful learning environments, Handbook of Educational Psychology

D. T. Hickey, A. C. Kindfield, P. Horwitz, and M. A. Christie, Integrating Curriculum, Instruction, Assessment, and Evaluation in a Technology-Supported Genetics Learning Environment, American Educational Research Journal, vol.40, issue.2, pp.495-538, 2003.
DOI : 10.3102/00028312040002495

H. U. Hoppe, Collaborative Learning in Open Distributed Environments -Pedagogical Principles and Computational Methods, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol.10, pp.1090-1099, 1999.

K. R. Koedinger, D. Suthers, and K. D. Forbus, Component-Based Construction of a Science Learning Space, International Journal of AI and Education, vol.10, pp.292-313, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/3-540-68716-5_22

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00257110

T. Leinonen, Fle3: Future Learning Environment, 2004.

M. Milrad, U. Hoppe, J. Gottdenker, and M. Jansen, Exploring the use of mobile devices to facilitate educational interoperability around digitally enhanced experiments, The 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, 2004. Proceedings., 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/WMTE.2004.1281380

A. Mørch, J. Dolonen, and K. Omdahl, Integrating agents with an open source learning environment, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computers in Education 2003, pp.393-401, 2003.

J. D. Slotta, The web-based inquiry science environment (WISE): Scaffolding knowledge integration in the science classroom, Internet environments for science education, pp.203-233, 2004.

D. Suthers, A. Weiner, J. Connelly, M. Paolucci, W. R. Joolingen et al., Belvedere: Engaging students in critical discussion of science and public policy issues Proceedings of the II SimQuest: Authoring educational simulations Authoring tools for advanced technology educational software: Toward cost-effective production of adaptive, interactive, and intelligent educational software (pp. 1-31) Dordrecht Co-Lab: Research and development of an on-line learning environment for collaborative scientific discovery learning [1 doctoral programs: an integrative framework for action and researchDifferences in Competencies between Doctoral Students On-Campus and at a Distance, Higher Education Research and Development The American Journal of Distance Education, pp.671-688, 1995.

R. Gilbert, J. Balatti, P. Turner, and H. Whitehouse, The generic skills debate in research higher degrees, Higher Education Research & Development, pp.375-88, 2004.
DOI : 10.1080/03075070220119986c

G. Paquette, Modélisation des connaissances et des compétences, Presses de l, 2002.

J. Tchetagni, Modèle conceptuel de l'EFD, BEST Technical Report, 2006.

J. Bourdeau, A. Dufresne, S. P. Tep, and S. Turcotte, Test et validation des environnements de Téléapprentissage, Innovations et tendances en technologies de formation et d'apprentissage, Les Presses internationales de Polytechnique. Montréal, pp.479-497, 2005.

W. R. Van-joolingen, T. De-jong, A. W. Lazonder, E. Savelsbergh, and S. Manlove, Co-Lab: research and development of an online learning environment for collaborative scientific discovery learning, Scripting Computer Supported Collaborative Learning ? Cognitive, Computational and Educational Perspective, CSCL Series, pp.671-688, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.chb.2004.10.039